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Are engines really more efficient at their limits,
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not really. autospeed did a pretty good article about break speciffic fuel consumption.
every engine has a sweet spot, where it extracts the most power from the fuel it uses, usually this is at about 50% or more throttle and at low revs.
you can mostely make use from this while accelerating. because smaller engines will need more throttle for a given ammount of power they'll often opperate more within this optimal spot them bigger engines.
an engine wich can run at a constant rmp and at a constant load could be dimentioned and tuned exactly for this... and would be much more efficient them
the valve timing would be set for this exact spot, and it wouldn't even need a throttle