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cold air=more power, and you use less of the accelerator pedal, which is basically the throttle control. less use of the pedal= (basically) closed throttle plate. closed throttle plate means a restriction of the "air pump, or intake" you have a pumping loss in that air is not getting in efficiently.
Warm air=less power, and you use more of the accelerator pedal, which is basically a throttle control. more use of the pedal= a more open throttle plate. open throttle plate means there is less of a blockage that's letting the air in, reducing the pumping loss.
at wide open throttle, you have (basically) no pumping loss at the throttle plate. so warm air intakes won't do anything here. but unless 55mph makes you have to floor it to keep going 55, a warm intake will do something. that something depends on the vehicle.
Diesels don't have a throttle plate, so you don't have a pumping loss problem from the T-plate.
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