Controlling the fuel intake effectively throttles the power output of the diesel engine yes, but I was referring to the throttle plate on the intake air charge, which modern diesels typically don't require and are effectively at wot all the time on the air side ie the volumetric efficiency goes up, and the precise amount of fuel required can be injected just prior to the top of the compression stroke. This increase in volumetric efficiency coupled with the higher energy density of the diesel fuel helps lead to higher fuel efficiency/lower fuel consumption
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