[Phantom]

Okay lets see if I can answer most of the questions.

1. The car will enter open loop every time the car is started as this is part of the warm-up/start procedure. How long it stays in open loop depends on how cold the car is when starting and a few other things but temp is most of it.

1b. If you use the key to kill the engine it most likely cuts power to the PCM causing it to restart every time you bump start the car this uses a bit more fuel but if EOC long enough it should offset it. You could build an engine kill switch and that might keep it from going through the start procedure but you would have to test that or find some one with your car to verify.

2. Open loop will come on once a predetermined TPS% is reached this amount is different for each car. Also depending on the PCM programing the amount of load over a period of time can trigger the open loop.

3. "Throttle only seems to go from 9.41% to 86%. Is that normal?" No. The throttle should go from 0%-100% or very close. You will need to look up the TPS learn procedure for your car traditionally the procedure is something like this. 1. Key to on position throttle at 0% 10-15sec, key off. 2. Throttle 100% key on 10-15sec then key off. 3. Repeat step 1. When set correct it should give you readings from 0-100% this might help the lean burn and the point that TPS trips open loop.

4. The short term fuel trim (STFT) will jump around as it uses a formula calculate the % of fuel to add for a given reference table such as the MAF or RPMvsLoad. The STFT will adjust once the Precat O2 sensor goes over or under the predetermined value then once the PCM determines the STFT value is good it will save it to the LTFT. I do not know if this helped you or confused you but it is a start.

First thing I would do is make sure that the TPS is adjusted correctly.