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A proper battery management system should prevent this from happening, I was at a presentation by the University Of Minnesota Solar Race team and they told us about their battery management system that kept track of the voltage of each cell in the pack and cell temp and if the voltage or temp went out of spec for even a second it would shut the whole pack down requiring a manual reset, but part of the battery management system also was to keep the voltage from going out of spec and if any part of the monitoring system failed it would also shut the battery pack down.
Of course they were doing this more so to preserve the packs ability to hold a proper charge then to prevent it from starting on fire, because the battery chemistry that they were using was supposed to be thermally stable, the batteries that are not release oxygen when they over heat, then they start on fire and don't want to stop burning.
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