I don't think wearing earphones/headphones while driving is a safe idea, because they can keep you from hearing safety cues around you (tires, horns, motors, etc ) that can alert you to hazards & give you time to make corrections to avoid them. Very loud stereos do this too, but at least they don't *block* the outside sounds.
Everyone has their own preferences in music listening, so it's hard to suggest a single ideal solution. Some things you can consider:
- Improving your 'full range' speakers, enabling you to eliminate the subwoofer entirely (this is what I have done, using MTX TXC6.1 components )
- Utilizing a molded resin enclosure, such as Thunderforms
- If you have a trunk, you could use a "Bass Pump" type subwoofer configuration, which does away with the box itself - these require careful attention to crossover and gain balancing in order to sound good, but they do sound fantastic when correctly tuned.
- Building an aperiodic enclosure using lightweight "Pro" (as in live concert reinforcement) drivers - this would allow you to make a very lightweight enclosure (less interior pressure means you can get away with much lighter material than 3/4 MDF), with a very lightweight driver... shouldn't be hard to make satisfying bass in under 10 lbs including wire - though the $$ is a bit prohibitive for that type of driver due to the cost of neodymium these days.
Another consideration for reducing both weight and alternator load is to use full range class D amplifiers for your full range speakers, as they tend to be much more efficient which reduces alternator load and reduces the overall mass requirement of their heat sink. Class A/B amplifiers tend to be 55-65% efficient (to produce 50w power, they would consume ~90w and turn ~40w into heat) while class D automotive amplifiers are generally between 70-90% efficient.
When shopping for speakers, try to find the highest efficiency (that is listed as a # of dB @ 1w/1m ) - for example a speaker rated at 93dB@1w/1m will be as loud when given 10 watts, as a speaker rated 87dB being driven with 40 watts. Most reputable brands list this specification in the basic product description. This can mean using a smaller amplifier, with the obvious weight and power draw reductions from that.