Something for reading:
Handbook of Diesel Engines
from page 450- thing conserning diesel engine BSFC. In short things that increse BSFC in a diesel:
- cooled EGR. VAG system poorly designed. (Too much compromises)
- Injection pressure increase. That can be increased in some TDI engines, changing the pump or playing with injection advance.
- Supercharging or turbocharging. So if you already have a turbo you need to increase the boost pressure to get better efficiency. To be able to do that you need the next thing that improves efficiency
- Intercooling. Basic intercoolers efficiency can only be up to 75%. Water/air cooler up to 95% without ice in water tank. Water injection can be over 100% without intake restrictions and pressure losses
. So when you install water injection you can give the engine more boost, it will increase power from methanol etc.
https://www.alcohol-injection.com/en...ory/2-articles
in short:
Increase horsepower safely by 10-15%.
Lower air temperatures by 50-200+ degrees.
Decrease cylinder temperatures up to 300 degrees.
Reduce the effects of heat soak in warmer climates.
Allows you to safely run more boost and timing.
Reduces carbon and helps maintain a clean combustion chamber.
Increases octane at user programmable boost levels.
That BSFC list is longer but those are mentioned in that list. You can even optimize your altenators RPM and charging current for best efficiency!