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Oil gives off less than 5% of its heat through the oil pan when the engine is running. About 95% of the surface contact area of the oil is with engine components and channels. Therefore, the oil is 95% cooled by transferring heat to metal, then coolant, and out the radiator. Also, while the engine is running, the level in the sump is less than half the level of when the engine stops and the oil drains downstairs.
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