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If the transmission refuses to shift in to another gear, the transmission is telling you it is unable to match gear speeds. The device that is responsible is something called a baulk ring (also called a syncro).... If the baulk ring is damaged there are 2 things that could happen... Either it refuses to shift between gears no matter what you try or you may notice you can shift in that gear but it briefly grinds...
To prevent the grinding you have to SLOWLY engage that gear to give a damaged syncro a chance to match gear speeds. If it refuses to shift you can try double clutching. You can youtube how but the skinny is you are in gear ready to change...you clutch in, shift to neutral, clutch out, clutch in, shift to new gear....what this does is slow down the gears to make it easier to engage the next gear.
The only other possibility I can think of is the incorrect type of transmission fluid was put in the transmission which can cause major issues. The "cheap" thing to try would be to change out the gear oil and (if applicable) adjust the clutch.
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