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...something to remember, ignition STARTS ahead of TDC, takes a finite amount of time (combustion flame rate) to happen, all while the piston rapidly slows its upward motion until it passes through TDC, and then begins to rapidly increase its downward motion...in coincidence with the peak combustion pressure (~14º ATDC for gasoline; other fuels alcohol & methanol, etc. are different -- does NOT apply to diesel).
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