Hi, I'm using Canadian metric version but it's similar so I'll answer you with my best knowledge.
Timeout = time before MPGuino goes to sleep
and it resets current trip counters
Injector delay = time that guino waits before it stop counting time of injector open state. (after current is turned off on the inj it stays open for a while and inj delay is that while)
Scratchpad = not used in v0.86 (as I remember)
VSS delay - time that guino waits before it can read another vss signal
Inj Trigger - If you're reading +12V or ground signal
Current is an average reading from the current trip, instant is a reading in the given moment.