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It's all about disturbing the medium you go through, as little as possible.
Wings have spanwise flow - air flowing out to the tips - which reduces their performance. In addition, it creates strong vortices at the wing tips that move a huge amount of air. Doing so, obviously costs energy.
These tubercules cause smaller vortices over the wings, and keep the water flowing aft, instead of towards the tips.
In principle, a "dogtooth" on an aircraft's wing works the same .
Adding a little bit of drag to avoid the big drag ...
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Strayed to the Dark Diesel Side
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