I can remember a few decades ago that EPA ratings were quite accurate and in line with actual, real world results. Not any more.
After quoting the EPA rating, car manufacturers' ads used to say the disclaimer "your mileage may vary". I recently heard radio commercials for Lincolns that actually say "your mileage
will vary" (my emphasis).
Probably nobody noticed this. Probably most prospective Lincoln owners wouldn't care, either...
So yes, EPA ratings are now mostly fantasy or 'puffing' the product.