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Originally Posted by Fingie
The engine in RWD-era ladas is indeed design by Fiat, but for some reason they abandoned the design and opted for a OHV engine (dunno lol) in their 124.
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The belt-synchronized SOHC layout is a later development of the OHV used in the 124, and after seeing some cases of belt rupture in Brazilian Fiat engines I actually don't think it was a bad move from Fiat to keep the OHV setup in the 124.
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Some soures state that FIAT had intended it to use all-iron top and block, thus requiring leaded gasoline but lada changed it to aluminium, as "progress" was a ideology when they redesigned the Fiat 124 to be Vaz-2101
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Rear brake drums of the Vaz-2101 were also made out of aluminium but IIRC it didn't have nothing to do with ideology, as Russia just has some enormous bauxite reserves. Regarding all-iron block and head, it's supposed to increase the heat retention on the engine, which is actually not that bad at all as it achieves the optimum operational temperature quicker. No wonder Ford uses an iron block for its 1.0L EcoBoost instead of the aluminium block used in bigger EcoBoost versions.