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The energy is not wasted primarily by the act of restricting the throttle itself, which takes very little energy to actually restrict. The loss created by the restriction is primarily due to the reduction in the pressure of the air, thus the mass of that same air, entering the engine itself.
Similarly the act of restricting the flow of water in the hydroelectric plant, while not terribly energy costly, has a much larger consequence, in power generated, versus restrictive energy requirement.
Think vacuum windshield wipers.
regards
mech
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