Manuals are more efficient than even a CVT because there is a direct coupling between engine and drive wheel. No fluid loss, TQ converter slippage, etc...
The torque converter is just a fluid coupling between engine and transmission, so there is loss there... there is also fluid pumps in any auto, which waste power and fuel...
That being said, a lower RPM does a lot for MPG... my 07 Malibu with same engine as my 04 Ion but the 4T45 automatic got better mileage on the open freeway due to a taller overdrive ratio AND a taller final drive... however it would go down into 3rd on the bigger hills, and I can stay in 5th on even 7-8% grade without losing speed
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My current Ecotec project...
My last Ecotec project...
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