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Originally Posted by redpoint5
If the human population had never exceeded 500 million, we wouldn't have achieved the levels of technology and scientific understanding we now enjoy, not that that's necessarily a bad thing.
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Why do you think that? Essentially all of modern science & technology was developed by the US & western Europe, with a combined population that only reached the 500 million level a few decades ago.
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Why 500 million, rather than more or less?
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Because that's a fairly common ballpark estimate of the population which the Earth can sustain, while allowing everyone a fairly decent standard of living. If you have a better one, I'll listen.