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Referencing what Daschicken posted, I believe in an ideal world you'd want an adjustable cam. Advance the timing on it until you aren't getting any more power. Lower lift and duration cams (to my limited understanding) can be advanced further.
One can simulate the Atkinson cycle by increasing overlap of intake and exhaust significantly, at least at lower RPM. This is generally best paired with a huge increase in static compression ratio. I'm aware of some gasoline engines with static compression ratios as high as 16:1. The valve overlap decreases peak cylinder pressure to safe levels (e.g. 10:1), but you still get the wonderful (in this case) 16:1 expansion ratio, which greatly improves efficiency.
Someone please correct me if I'm off about this.
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