Ruminent livestock such as cows are an important piece of the puzzle in a permaculture homestead. They can make use of hilly land for grazing that cannot easily be used to grow crops and turn it into meat and milk. And they bring back NPK fertilizer in their dung for use in the crop fields. Hogs can thrive and grow on food scraps and waste trimmings that humans can't readily eat. Free range Chickens venture out to feed on pest grubs and insects and turn them into eggs and meat.
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