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The Prius HSD has two motor-generators, call MG1 and MG2. MG1 is smallish and used to spin the ICE and to transfer power from the ICE to MG2. MG2 is larger and is used as a prime mover and for regenerative braking. Both MG1 and MG2 are sometimes used as electric motors, and sometimes as generators. The electricity generated from MG1 and MG2 is either used to move the car or charge the HV (traction) battery. The small 12V battery, which is like the battery on a "normal" car, is charged from the HV battery by means of a DC to DC converter, which steps down the high voltage to that of the 12V battery. The DC to DC converter also supplies the 12V accessory needs when the Prius is in run mode (lights, radio, MFD, etc.).
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https://priuschat.com/threads/altern...9/#post-558162
A standard alternator would be absolutely inadequate. If Orbis Wheels worked, they should be able to provide regenerative braking, but you would need a far more powerful alternator to charge the battery the rest of the time, and the Toyota system uses the "alternators" as motors, too.