[Galvatron1]

My gf 2007 corolla lasted 450k miles. If that was a hybrid, given your example of 200k miles per pack(Toyota only warrantied batteries ~80k-100k miles back then, failure could happen far sooner than 200k miles, after the warranty expired) best case scenario that would have ran through 3 battery packs in its lifetime, adding $8k to the cost of ownership on batteries and the 3rd pack would have only lasted 50k miles before that car was totaled by a deer. Bad for the environment, going through 3 battery packs and all that mining of lithium & cobalt for one car, not using that last pack to full potential, bad for your wallet coming out with an extra $8k in batteries with only 50k miles of usage on the 3rd pack. Not to mention the few extra thousand dollars a hybrid costs at the dealership over a regular version. If it required premium fuel like that Camry hybrid, tack on an additional $.40/gallon which adds significantly to the cost of ownership over that 450k miles. So a car can still have 250k miles more worth of service than the 200k miles you claimed that a car has no value over. Some Toyotas have reached 1 million miles. That could be 5 or more battery packs if it's a hybrid, considering how less efficient a car gets over time.

Environmental impact:

lithium requires 500k gallons of water for every ton of lithium carbonate extracted. In one area of Argentina, 65% of the fresh water is used in this process, leaving the farmers high & dry there. In tibet where there's a bunch of lithium, they have had a lot of leakage from these ponds that pollute the ground water of the people living there. Realize mining has always been a filthy process. There's all kinds of suits in the American west from the crap that the mines left behind when they went out of business, leaving it just sitting there, cuz while they're bankrupt, they don't have to fix anything now. When the mining companies leave, they leave just miles and miles of contaminated salt rivers and mounds of debris

Hybrids Excel in smaller, aerodynamic vehicles. That's where the biggest mpg gains are seen. Hybrids make less cost effective sense in really big and heavy vehicles because they require much bigger batteries to move all that extra weight around, fight more drag are much less efficient & bigger batteries cost way more money & have a bigger environmental toll. You're paying for more battery while getting less efficiency. Many modern day EVs haven't even lasted more than 5 years, some as little as 2 years. That's not environmentally friendly, changing a battery pack every 2 years.

Once battery packs last at least the lifetime of a car that would be a good start. Million mile batteries are coming soon, as well as cobalt free, solid state non-flammable nonelectrolyte batteries, with faster charge time & higher energy density. . Now we're getting somewhere, with broader applications and have a greater benefit & perhaps more cost effective possibilities. The future looks bright for EVs & may win the zero emissions/alternative fuel wars. I think EVs are currently the cleaner of alternative fuel sources such as CNG & hydrogen fuel cells, which rely on fracked gas.