[jakobnev]

I'm thinking emissions zones is the solution here.

You could get a vehicle that is cheaper, more fuel efficient and less of a hassle to maintain - but you can't take it in to the bigger cities.

EV-ERs could have very cheap range extenders and still go into cities in EV-mode, but they would have to be constructed such that the use of the range extender is easily noticeable from outside, so it can be policed. (Could be just that the exhaust need to have some minimum loudness.)