I always liked the Mazda Skyactive system. It's probably a bit expensive for a diy'er. But...
The idea is to have a higher voltage (48V?) high power generator where the alternator goes that charges an ultra capacitor pack of that voltage. Then you have a DC to DC converter to convert it back down to 12V. The idea is whenever you let off the accelerator pedal it activated the generator and helps slow down the car. The energy is then used to power the 12V system without putting a constant drag on your engine. It's said to increase fuel efficiency by around 10%.
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