finished the book
Tuesday evening I finished it.
I took 23-pages of notes to create a little 'pamphlet' for reference.
Glickson took the five major extinction events as analogues to compare to our current situation.
Basically, the current increase in greenhouse gases and attendant temperature, when normalized for atmospheric sulphate aerosol masking, and allowing for changing albedo, is exceeding anything ever experienced in the planet's geologic history.
We are presently inside the sixth mass extinction, and the extinction rate will likely exceed anything experienced before, and on a timescale faster than ever experienced before. Animals cannot evolve fast enough, nor plants move northwards, or to higher elevations fast enough to outrun the heat.
At 350 ppm atmospheric Carbon-dioxide concentration-equivalency, we were at the tipping point for Arctic and Antarctic ice sheet instability.
We're presently at 500 ppm-e.
The last time Earth had this much greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, it was 4-C warmer, and sea level was as much as nine-meters higher ( 29.5-feet ).
The poles are warming twice as fast.
What's going to get us is the permafrost melt and methane clathrate sediment outgassing from the sea floor. Already underway.
Carbon-dioxide lasts for 1,000-years in the atmosphere.
Methane bio-degrades to carbon dioxide, and that will be around for a thousand years.
Every meter of sea-ice loss increases solar forcing by 0.70 Watts/ meter infrared absorption.
As we lose the ice caps, we lose their ability as two of the greatest solar reflectors ever known.
As oceans warm, they expand, amplifying coastal inundation.
As oceans warm, evaporation increases, fueling super-cells, atmospheric rivers, rapidly-intensifying tropical cyclones, extreme rain events, hail, tornados, floods, road washouts, crop destruction, etc..
As oceans warm, carbon-dioxide solubility declines, and what became a carbon 'SINK' will become a carbon 'SOURCE'.
Ocean acidification will prevent shellfish development ( bio-calcification )
This has already happened with ten of the twelve World Heritage Forests.
Bushfires. Forest fires. fire storms. Sink holes. Heat stress. Heat stroke. Heat death. Tropical disease. Peat bog methane release. Desertification. Poleward shift in storm tracks. Disruption of vegetation. Mountain glacier loss. Record melting. Mammal extinction rate is up to 100 X former rates. Vertebrate extinction rate is 100X former rate. Meltwater-induced subsurface ocean warming. Low-density meltwater thermohaline cycle modification of oceanic currents, weakened polar jet boundary, polar jet stream excursions. Loss of vegetative evaporative cooling. Weakened evapotranspiration hydrologic cycle. Differential precipitation. Differential feedback mechanisms. Non-linear feedback mechanisms. 'Wandering westerlies.' Crop failures. Malnutrition. Malaria. Dengue fever. West Nile fever. Zika Virus. Meningitis. Food spoilage. Vector-borne disease.
Too much to list.
Some material would not be within the spirit of constraints here at EcoModder, so I'll just skip all that.
Those more interested will give it a look.
I' learned some things. Time well spent. No regrets. Thanks to Mr. Glickson.
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