Christ, MPG/ton is miles per gallon per ton.
A 30 mpg vehicle weighting a ton have the same ratio as a 15 mpg vehicle weighting 2 tons. It's useful to measure how efficiently you are moving stuff around. It allow for comparison between cars, light trucks, big rigs, freight trains, planes, etc. For passenger cars this ratio has been steadily increasing.
I've got an SAE paper on it I read not to long ago. I'll dig it out.
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