A friend last year had a plugged EGR valve in his Chevy V6. It dropped his mileage about 20%. Fixing it restored the mileage.
Our theory: exhaust gas is already oxygen depleted, so acts as an inert gas in the combustion event. Adding more of this inert gas means less of the active fuel-air mix in the cylinder. Basically, it makes your engine act as if it's smaller than it is. You get lower power, but also lower fuel consumption.
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11-mile commute: 100 mpg - - - Tank: 90.2 mpg / 1191 miles
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