My latest issue of AEI magazine had an interesting engine from Honda. It had a linkage on the crank that allowed for a larger expansion ratio than it's compression ratio. IIRC, it was a gas engine with 12:1 compression and about 17:1 expansion. Between that and a heat exchanger built into the catalytic converter, they were trying to hit 50% thermal efficiency. I don't remember if they achieved that goal or not. But, it looks like we still have room to improve on gas engines.
I could dig it up tonight if people are interested.
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