The biggest issue as speed, or velocity if you wish, is reaction time goes down. The ancillary concerns are fuel economy, road wear and tear(especially with semi's), and safety standards. Most cars are designed to handle impacts closer to 35mph. The cost to increase their safety to 55mph is exponential. And the severity of the crash is going to be worse as speeds increase.
Remember when semis were limited to 55mph? If a semi hits you at anything past 35, there is only so much that engineering can compensate. Just remember that semis have a stopping distance several times that of the stereotyped SUV.
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-Allch Chcar
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