According to our experience, even a little bit taller gearing (14T->15T front sprocket) can help pretty much, while the effect of removing 20lbs is almost negligible. A whole 150-lb passenger with all the aerodynamic and weight effect can change FE by at most 10% - what do you expect from an almost invisible (frontal area-wise, hidden under riding jacket&pants) 20 lb?
Gearing (and the effect of its change) is model dependent, of course. There are ecomodded 250s with insanely tall ratios - our Ciliegia isn't like that. And Teresa runs w/ stock gearing (belt drive).
Other than that, exercising can really help.
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