If the battery were very seriously under-charged and the ECU can detect that and has ways to adapt via the alternator, I can see how you could lose a couple MPG. If the alternator ran full time, full tilt, then you could lose 10%. At least that's what some tests of alternator deletes here on EM might suggest, a 10% change. But I also wonder if you had a tail wind going one direction and a headwind coming back.
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See my car's mod & maintenance thread and my electric bicycle's thread for ongoing projects. I will rebuild Black and Green over decades as parts die, until it becomes a different car of roughly the same shape and color. My minimum fuel economy goal is 55 mpg while averaging posted speed limits. I generally top 60 mpg. See also my Honda manual transmission specs thread.
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