Buckminster Fuller proposed indoor windmills. I haven't gone back into the original source material, but here's a story from 2012:
https://butterflyofdream.wordpress.com/.../geodesic-windmill-domes/
Air moving over a dome can drive an interior air circulation pattern. Plus the omni-directional increase in wind-speed at the summit. The construction would be lighter than a tower (potentially bamboo and ETFE foil) and all maintenance would be indoors.
Plus which, the interior of the dome is available for concentrated solar or pig farming.