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Yes, Belt or Shaft driven superchargers use some power from the engine, and are called Parasitic, while exhaust driven superchargers are driven by otherwise wasted exhaust gasses by passing them through a turbine, thus "turbo".
Direct driven superchargers produce a linear boost from idle, and turbochargers produce a geometrically increasing boost, little at low RPM, and very high boost in the upper RPM.
The optimum system is to feed the intake manifold from a supercharger until the pressure produced by the turbocharger exceeds that produced by the supercharger.
Some auto makers call this "Twin Charging".
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