I found an 1872 book called the Coachmaker's Handbook. It's purpose is to teach coachmaking and offer professionally scaled draftsman instructions and other craft details. Images of coaches are pretty carefully scaled. Free on the ever-fabulous archive.org:
https://archive.org/details/coachmak...0ware/mode/2up
This "diagram 8" below is for a "Six Seat Rockaway." The rockaway was a common type in the period. Those eye-shaped springs over the wheels are exactly 12" high, suggesting a wheel base of possibly nine feet, maybe closer to ten. Diagram 7 is a "Six Seat Sociable" of between 7.5 and 8' wheelbase. And diagram 3 is a "Covered Buggy" with a wheelbase of exaclty 51.5"--the only time the book offers an actual measurement you can easily translate into "wheelbase."
Still, the book and my effort to find wheel base standards for these, kinda demonstrates there was no "standard" other than general proportions of the human body and how many one wanted to fit into a carriage. That's still true today, of course. The wheel base of "compact" cars does not have a strict standard.