1)-6) Questionable relevance.
7) Flat wrong.
8) Wikipedia only considers low Earth orbit and above.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_threat_from_cosmic_rays#Central_nervous_sys tem
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A review of CNS space radiobiology by Cucinotta, Alp, Sulzman, and Wang (Life Sciences in Space Research, 2014) summarizes research studies in small animals of changes to cognition and memory, neuro-inflammation, neuron morphology, and impaired neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Studies using simulated space radiation in small animals suggest temporary or long-term cognitive detriments could occur during a long-term space mission. Changes to neuron morphology in mouse hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex occur for heavy ions at low doses (<0.3 Gy). Studies in mice and rats of chronic neuro-inflammation and behavioral changes show variable results at low doses (~0.1 Gy or lower).
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But the Earth's shield is weakening. The relevant factor is the Kp index:
Quote:
Planetary K-index | NOAA / NWS Space Weather Prediction Center
https://www.swpc.noaa.gov › products › planetary-k-index
The K-index, and by extension the Planetary K-index, are used to characterize the magnitude of geomagnetic storms. Kp is an excellent indicator of disturbances in the Earth's magnetic field and is used by SWPC to decide whether geomagnetic alerts and warnings need to be issued for users who are affected by these disturbances.
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Looking around for a non-S0 reference I find
www.scirp.org: Space and Human Consciousness: The Great Whisper
Quote:
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This original review is a call for holistic perception of human consciousness incorporating the ancient wisdom of the human civilizations with the massive current era advances in different disciplines of applied sciences. The description of René Descartes in the 17th century of the Cartesian dualism is timely to revisit with new holistic perspective, in view of the major advances of our understanding of heart brain communications, astrophysical resonances with human heart ascending afferents to central nervous system, and signaling between humans and the space. Universal vibrations, frequencies and resonances as perceived by Nikola Tesla constitute the core of our new conceptual and experimental perspective on human consciousness.
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You might question the source (Abdullah A. Alabdulgader -- Senior Congenital Cardiologist, Invasive Electrophysiologist and Cardiac Astrophysicist, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center (Founder & Chief Physician), Al-Hofuf, Saudi Arabia) but I suspect that Bedouins will be the ones that colonize Mars.