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On the air mixer, blue means outside air temp, white (in the middle) is a mix of heated and outside air. Putting the slider in the middle will always result in warmer than outside air as it's essentially a blend lever.
If you have a separate button for A/C, turning it off will prevent the compressor for coming on - unless you have the car on the defrost setting, which overrides that and turns on the compressor. VW may do things differently, but in every Honda or Mazda I've ever owned, the A/C compressor does not come on if you have the A/C button off.
Regarding energy used, the blower fan relay is generally around 30 amps, which would allow up to 350 watts. They also typically use an inefficient resistor array to control speed, meaning running it at the lowest speed doesn't save as much power as you'd expect.
On the other hand, you aren't going to get outside air into the car with one of the tiny in-cabin fans. It will just circulate the air already inside, which I find gradually heats up the longer you're in the car. I
I've never been able to notice a fuel economy difference with the blower running, but it's' not an insignificant electrical load.
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