Fuel Economy, Hypermiling, EcoModding News and Forum - EcoModder.com - View Single Post

Logic · 11-10-2024, 05:25 PM

Nano-boric acid makes motor oil more slippery
https://www.anl.gov/article/nanobori...-more-slippery

On the Friction and Wear Performance of Boric Acid Lubricant Combinations in Extended Duration Operations
https://www.researchgate.net/publica...ion_Operations

https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsea...oadPdf/6025306

Boric acid as a lubricating fuel additive – Simplified lab experiments to understand fuel consumption reduction in field test
panelElin Larsson, Petra Olander, Staffan Jacobson
Ångström Tribomaterials Group, Uppsala University, Box 534, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden

In field tests, a boric acid based fuel additive has led to reduced fuel consumption. The reduction was substantial, an average of 6 and 10% in passenger cars and diesel generators respectively...
https://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...43164817302545

Lubrication Properties of Vegetable Oils Combined with Boric Acid and Determination of Their Effects on Wear
The atoms on each layer are closely packed and strongly bonded to each other.
The atomic layers themselves are 0.318 nm apart from each other and held together by weak Van der Waals forces.
Under shear stresses of sliding contact, the crystalline layers align themselves parallel to the direction of relative motion; once so aligned, they can slide over one another with relative ease and thus provide low friction coefficients

...the lubricant combination was able to provide a continuous hydrodynamic lift and a low shear resistance within the contact interface to function as an excellent lubricant.

Boron crystals prevent damages caused by friction and wear by physically covering
the pin and disc surfaces with a layer of film as hard as diamond.
Due to the factthat boron is as hard as diamond and is an excellent heat conductor, friction coefficient occurred at lower levels than commercial mineral oil and canola oil with an increase in the weight (120 and 180 N).

The mechanical movements and pressure of metal surfaces and boron crystals that display a homogeneous distribution fill the gaps on the metal surface and form an extreme lubricant and protective film layer.
This thin layer of film formed by strong boron crystals increases the dynamic and thermal resistance of the metal by completely preventing rupture in inner layers thanks to its tendency to stop dislocation movements occurring as a result of heat and high pressure and causes a decrease in friction coefficient.
As the film layers that form on the surface of the metal rub one another, they prevent wear and increase the duration of the components.
These spherical-looking particles that float in the oil freely and homogenously prevent loss of energy acting as balls.
Boric oxide film continuously replenished boric acid to the sliding contact under
ambient conditions.,..

...the measured wear rate at the completion of the experiments was
2.5 times less than that of the base canola oil...
https://sci-hub.ru/https://www.tandf...67030802606053

Influence of boric acid additive size on green lubricant performance
In the present investigation, green (environmentally benign) lubricant combinations were prepared by homogeneously mixing nano- (20 nm), sub-micrometre- (600 nm average size) and micrometre-scale (4 μm average size) boric acid powder additives with canola oil in a vortex generator. As a basis for comparison, lubricants of base canola oil and canola oil mixed with MoS2 powder (ranging from 0.5 to 10 μm) were also prepared. Friction and wear experiments were carried out on the prepared lubricants using a pin-on-disc apparatus under ambient conditions. Based on the experiments, the nanoscale (20 nm) particle boric acid additive lubricants significantly outperformed all of the other lubricants with respect to frictional and wear performance. In fact, the nanoscale boric acid powder-based lubricants exhibited a wear rate more than an order of magnitude lower than the MoS2 and larger sized boric acid additive-based lubricants. It was also discovered that the oil mixed with a combination of sub-micrometre- and micrometre-scale boric acid powder additives exhibited better friction and wear performance than the canola oil mixed with sub-micrometre- or micrometre-scale boric acid additives alone.
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/d...rsta.2010.0183

Investigation of the Effects of Boron Additives on the Performance of Engine Oil
In this study, the effect of boron compounds on lubrication oils was investigated using a pin-on-disc type test apparatus. For this purpose, base oils containing two types of boron compounds were studied at different concentrations. The results were evaluated from the point of formation of a tribofilm in boundary or mixed lubrication conditions. The obtained results showed that the addition of boron compounds decreased the coefficient of friction from 10 to 50% under different test conditions. The optimum concentration ratio was determined as 4 wt% for boric acid (H3BO3) and 4 wt% for hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Fuel consumption experiments were also carried out for both optimum concentration ratios using a 170-kW diesel engine. Results indicate a decrease of 3.6 and 2.7% in fuel consumption with boric acid and boron nitride additives, respectively.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/...04.2014.909549

Effect of surfactant on tribological performance and tribochemistry of boric acid based colloidal lubricants
J-H Kim, K K Mistry, N Matsumoto, V Sista, O L Eryilmaz & A Erdemir

...The base lubricants investigated included pure polyal-
phaolefin oil of viscosity grade 4 (known as PAO 4; 4?1
cSt at 100uC) mainly because of its higher operating
temperature and good resistance to oxidation.12–14 The same
oil was blended with boric acid particles at different
concentrations with and without the use of a surfactant
and tested under the same tribological test conditions.
The surfactant used for this study was sorbitan trioleate
(STOMO)...

The friction coefficients were reduced by 58 and 42%
respectively, as compared to the base oil and fully
formulated oil. In addition, wear scar diameter has also
been reduced from 272 mm for base oil to 142 mm after
adding the 1 wt-% STOMO in base oil.

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1179/1751584x12y.0000000016
Nice pics of untreated and treated surfaces.

Lots more to come. (Doing) This gets tired fast due to all the research available and due to to fact that anyone actually interested could do this easily themselves.

11-10-2024, 05:25 PM	#60 (permalink)
Logic Master EcoModder Join Date: Aug 2022 Location: South Africa Posts: 620 Thanks: 205 Thanked 244 Times in 207 Posts	Nano-boric acid makes motor oil more slippery https://www.anl.gov/article/nanobori...-more-slippery On the Friction and Wear Performance of Boric Acid Lubricant Combinations in Extended Duration Operations https://www.researchgate.net/publica...ion_Operations https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsea...oadPdf/6025306 Boric acid as a lubricating fuel additive – Simplified lab experiments to understand fuel consumption reduction in field test panelElin Larsson, Petra Olander, Staffan Jacobson Ångström Tribomaterials Group, Uppsala University, Box 534, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden In field tests, a boric acid based fuel additive has led to reduced fuel consumption. The reduction was substantial, an average of 6 and 10% in passenger cars and diesel generators respectively... https://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...43164817302545 Lubrication Properties of Vegetable Oils Combined with Boric Acid and Determination of Their Effects on Wear The atoms on each layer are closely packed and strongly bonded to each other. The atomic layers themselves are 0.318 nm apart from each other and held together by weak Van der Waals forces. Under shear stresses of sliding contact, the crystalline layers align themselves parallel to the direction of relative motion; once so aligned, they can slide over one another with relative ease and thus provide low friction coefficients ...the lubricant combination was able to provide a continuous hydrodynamic lift and a low shear resistance within the contact interface to function as an excellent lubricant. Boron crystals prevent damages caused by friction and wear by physically covering the pin and disc surfaces with a layer of film as hard as diamond. Due to the factthat boron is as hard as diamond and is an excellent heat conductor, friction coefficient occurred at lower levels than commercial mineral oil and canola oil with an increase in the weight (120 and 180 N). The mechanical movements and pressure of metal surfaces and boron crystals that display a homogeneous distribution fill the gaps on the metal surface and form an extreme lubricant and protective film layer. This thin layer of film formed by strong boron crystals increases the dynamic and thermal resistance of the metal by completely preventing rupture in inner layers thanks to its tendency to stop dislocation movements occurring as a result of heat and high pressure and causes a decrease in friction coefficient. As the film layers that form on the surface of the metal rub one another, they prevent wear and increase the duration of the components. These spherical-looking particles that float in the oil freely and homogenously prevent loss of energy acting as balls. Boric oxide film continuously replenished boric acid to the sliding contact under ambient conditions.,.. ...the measured wear rate at the completion of the experiments was 2.5 times less than that of the base canola oil... https://sci-hub.ru/https://www.tandf...67030802606053 Influence of boric acid additive size on green lubricant performance In the present investigation, green (environmentally benign) lubricant combinations were prepared by homogeneously mixing nano- (20 nm), sub-micrometre- (600 nm average size) and micrometre-scale (4 μm average size) boric acid powder additives with canola oil in a vortex generator. As a basis for comparison, lubricants of base canola oil and canola oil mixed with MoS2 powder (ranging from 0.5 to 10 μm) were also prepared. Friction and wear experiments were carried out on the prepared lubricants using a pin-on-disc apparatus under ambient conditions. Based on the experiments, the nanoscale (20 nm) particle boric acid additive lubricants significantly outperformed all of the other lubricants with respect to frictional and wear performance. In fact, the nanoscale boric acid powder-based lubricants exhibited a wear rate more than an order of magnitude lower than the MoS2 and larger sized boric acid additive-based lubricants. It was also discovered that the oil mixed with a combination of sub-micrometre- and micrometre-scale boric acid powder additives exhibited better friction and wear performance than the canola oil mixed with sub-micrometre- or micrometre-scale boric acid additives alone. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/d...rsta.2010.0183 Investigation of the Effects of Boron Additives on the Performance of Engine Oil In this study, the effect of boron compounds on lubrication oils was investigated using a pin-on-disc type test apparatus. For this purpose, base oils containing two types of boron compounds were studied at different concentrations. The results were evaluated from the point of formation of a tribofilm in boundary or mixed lubrication conditions. The obtained results showed that the addition of boron compounds decreased the coefficient of friction from 10 to 50% under different test conditions. The optimum concentration ratio was determined as 4 wt% for boric acid (H3BO3) and 4 wt% for hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Fuel consumption experiments were also carried out for both optimum concentration ratios using a 170-kW diesel engine. Results indicate a decrease of 3.6 and 2.7% in fuel consumption with boric acid and boron nitride additives, respectively. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/...04.2014.909549 Effect of surfactant on tribological performance and tribochemistry of boric acid based colloidal lubricants J-H Kim, K K Mistry, N Matsumoto, V Sista, O L Eryilmaz & A Erdemir ...The base lubricants investigated included pure polyal- phaolefin oil of viscosity grade 4 (known as PAO 4; 4?1 cSt at 100uC) mainly because of its higher operating temperature and good resistance to oxidation.12–14 The same oil was blended with boric acid particles at different concentrations with and without the use of a surfactant and tested under the same tribological test conditions. The surfactant used for this study was sorbitan trioleate (STOMO)... The friction coefficients were reduced by 58 and 42% respectively, as compared to the base oil and fully formulated oil. In addition, wear scar diameter has also been reduced from 272 mm for base oil to 142 mm after adding the 1 wt-% STOMO in base oil. https://sci-hub.ru/10.1179/1751584x12y.0000000016 Nice pics of untreated and treated surfaces. Lots more to come. (Doing) This gets tired fast due to all the research available and due to to fact that anyone actually interested could do this easily themselves.