It seems I need to take back my previous post:
Low-Cost Magnesium-Based Thermoelectric Materials: Progress, Challenges, and Enhancements
"...A high-power output of 42.9 W/kg was achieved under a 771 K temperature difference..."
Now an engine has a PWR of ~580 to 1000 W/kg.
No idea what the PTWR of a car alternator is, but pretty sure it's well above 43W/kg.
ie: If you spend most of your driving life at a constant speed on a highway; TECs will help you.
But for 98% of global driving; No.
Which is why TECs haven't been embraced by the motor industry.