Rear wheel skirt / cover question

[pasadena_commut]

Covered rear wheels help with the airflow along the body. I wonder what they do to airflow within the wheel well.

The boundary conditions for the moving air give it zero velocity relative to the spinning wheel at the surface of the wheel, and zero velocity relative to the inside surface of the wheel well (including the added wheel cover). However, the outside edge of the tire is spinning at the vehicle's speed relative to the car, which makes me wonder how much new drag is introduced by the airflow shear between the fixed wheel cover and the surface of the spinning wheel. The distance from the inside of the wheel to the wheel well wall parallel to it tends to be at least 6-8". Presumably that is far enough that drag from shear is minimized. However, rear wheel covers in these forums appear to be significantly closer than that, some appear to be only an inch or so from the wheel. Are these covers so close that the air shear between the wheel and the wheel cover produces measurable drag?

It would be good to know what the minimum separation must be in order to avoid inducing this sort of drag.

[aerohead]

Originally Posted by pasadena_commut

Covered rear wheels help with the airflow along the body. I wonder what they do to airflow within the wheel well.

The boundary conditions for the moving air give it zero velocity relative to the spinning wheel at the surface of the wheel, and zero velocity relative to the inside surface of the wheel well (including the added wheel cover). However, the outside edge of the tire is spinning at the vehicle's speed relative to the car, which makes me wonder how much new drag is introduced by the airflow shear between the fixed wheel cover and the surface of the spinning wheel. The distance from the inside of the wheel to the wheel well wall parallel to it tends to be at least 6-8". Presumably that is far enough that drag from shear is minimized. However, rear wheel covers in these forums appear to be significantly closer than that, some appear to be only an inch or so from the wheel. Are these covers so close that the air shear between the wheel and the wheel cover produces measurable drag?

It would be good to know what the minimum separation must be in order to avoid inducing this sort of drag.

Pasadena,I got a little confused at to whether you were referring to wheel covers or wheel skirts,and I'm thinking you were referring to the latter.There is a body of research that's been published for wheel house drag.The tire tread acts as a crude turbine and there are "windage"loads associated with tires themselves.Also,the volume relationship, between the wheel house and the tire/wheel combination, has been shown to effect drag.No doubt,there is interference drag between the rotating wheel assemblyand the inner surface of the skirt,however,it has been demonstrated by numerous researchers,that the presence of the skirt,even in very close proximity to the tire/wheel,demonstrates a measurable drag reduction in spite of any internal interference drag,compared to the same vehicle without them.Also,aft-body modifications,such as the boat-tail are compromised in performance without the presence of such skirts.For a deeper look,you'll want to check out studies cited in Hucho's book,listed in the "sticky" aero thread here at the top of the aero forum page.All this drag adds 0.05 to the drag coefficient.Ford and Honda have gone after it with a vengeance with their concept and record cars.Its an area well worth the look!

[pasadena_commut]

Originally Posted by aerohead

No doubt,there is interference drag between the rotating wheel assemblyand the inner surface of the skirt,however,it has been demonstrated by numerous researchers,that the presence of the skirt,even in very close proximity to the tire/wheel,demonstrates a measurable drag reduction in spite of any internal interference drag,compared to the same vehicle without them.

Ok, so it is a net win for aero even if the skirt is very close to the wheel. It's very hard to tell from the pictures on this forum and elsewhere how much separation there is between the closest part of the wheel/tire and the wheel skirt. What is typical, an inch, two?

On both of my cars (a Protege5 and a Suburu Legacy wagon) the bottom outside of the rear tires extends beyond the body work, and even the top is not recessed very far. To skirt the wheel and provide one inch clearance from the outside face of the wheel/tire would require a moderately complicated shape.

[justpassntime]

My fender skirts are 1/4" from the tire. I used two 1/4" rods, one at the top, one at the bottom. The bottom rod is basically U shaped and slides into metal wire clamps and held by two small pins. The top support rod is pretty much straight and slips through a bracket at the rear of the wheel well and is held in place by a single screw at the front.

[aerohead]

The skirts on the CRX are within a half inch of the sidewalls.On the pickup,I have about an inch clearance,and they are actually open at the bottom rear to clear the tire sidewall and also aspirate the wheel cavity a bit for brake cooling.Looking from the front,as the air see's them,They're kinda like a shingle,over-lapping the rocker panels behind the rear wheels,with an integral horizontal strake between skirt and rocker panel to "fix" the position of the trailing edge.A bit primitive but tufts showed clean flow all across the span.If you can find the Phil Knox photos,there is a shot of the CRX.I don't think we have a current shot of the truck with the deepened rear skirt(there is only one,[long story!]).

[kogiey]

hi sir.
can i get the research paper regarding the rear wheel cover.
bye using cosmos flow one..
pls help me..