Mahindra Roxor. How come I haven't heard of this before today?

[cRiPpLe_rOoStEr]

Not sure if it would be easy to certify the emissions compliance of a Roxor engine swapped into something road-legal, even if the emissions are either similar or better than the engine being replaced.

Originally Posted by Yippeekyaa

https://dieseltoys.com/4bt-engine-conversions

“The R2.8 is entirely built and assembled in China. Starting in 2009, the 2.8 ISF engines were licensed and installed into Chinese Foton Tunland pickups. The 2.8 ISF has an absolutely TERRIBLE reputation overseas. Premature connecting rod failures, bad injectors, turbocharger failures, the list goes on and on. In fact, everyone we spoke with about the 2.8 had nothing but bad things to say about them. Next, we went at this from a parts perspective. We wanted to know once the Cummins warranty runs out, how difficult are parts to get for these things? Impossible in fact. We found that the ONLY vendors selling parts are Chinese vendors on Alibaba.com and they all wanted wire transfer payments and none of them spoke English. Since these engines are not sold here, nobody stocks parts. We asked Cummins directly if they would sell us parts and they don’t even find most of the parts for these engines in their system. So, on parts that was also a FAIL.”

Believe it or not, the ISF2.8 had been factory-fitted to the Brazilian F-350 and F-4000 between 2014 and 2019, plus it's also being fitted to some versions of the current-generation Volkswagen Delivery trucks (similar in size to the Isuzu NPR). I wouldn't be so scared of resorting to one for a repowering.

[Hersbird]

Many places like Montana don't have any emission rules or testing. Even California if it's a diesel 1997 or older or a gas 1975 or older it doesn't require and trip to a smog inspector. DMV will just issue plates. It may technically fall outside of some regulation as when swapping a newer engine into an older car, California then requires you to meet the newer standard. In practice though they won't even open the hood if it's that old, and in other cases say swapping in say a 2020 6.6 Chevy V8 into a 1999 Chevy pickup could be done where even a GM engineer couldn't tell without tearing it apart and measuring cylinders.

[cRiPpLe_rOoStEr]

Originally Posted by Hersbird

Even California if it's a diesel 1997 or older or a gas 1975 or older it doesn't require and trip to a smog inspector.

So, wouldn't the OBD-2 compliance be enforced for a '95-to-'97 Diesel? Even though '95 model-year could exempt an imported (or made in the USA for export) vehicle from EPA, DOT and NHTSA regulations under that 25-years rule, I'd be quite skeptical about it also applying for any U.S.-spec vehicle retrofitted with a non-certified Diesel engine.