Cosmic Catastrophe

[aerohead]

just found and glanced at this:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectonics_of_Mars

[freebeard]

One less thing to worry about:

Our Sun Is Capable of Giant Superstorms 100x Carrington Event, New Study

The headline is scary but it identifies two additional data points equivalent to the Charlemagne Event (10x the Carrington Event)

774-775 carbon-14 spike - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › 774–775_carbon-14_spike
It is known as the Miyake event or the Charlemagne event and it produced the largest and most rapid rise in carbon-14 ever recorded. [3] [4] The event appears to have been global, with the same carbon-14 signal found in tree rings from Germany, Russia, the United States, Finland and New Zealand .

So that's three data points 9,7 and 1 thousand years ago. So far they're 2 to 3 thousand years apart. OTOH the odds of a Carrington level event are 12% over the next ten years.

Then it's bye-bye to all the microwave repeaters and powerline transformers.

[RedDevil]

When Mars's core froze it also ended its magnetosphere which protected its atmosphere from the cosmic bombardment of charged particles which from then on started to tear it away.
If we ever are to terraform Mars then we'd need to restore its magnetic field/shield. Maybe some big superconducting rings over its surface could do the trick, but it would be a herculean effort to build them.

[freebeard]

The L1 Lagrange Point might be a better location.

[freebeard]

aerohead -- Found this elsewhere. It might have application to climate papers:

Originally Posted by DDG

Altmetric Attention Score : Altmetric
https://help.altmetric.com › support › solutions › articles › 6000233311-how-is-the-altmetric-attention-score-calculated-
While the most important part of an Altmetric report is the qualitative data, it's also useful to put attention in context and see how some research outputs are doing relative to others.The Altmetric Attention Score for a research output provides an indicator of the amount of attention that it has received.. The Attention Score is a weighted count. The score is derived from an automated ...

Discover the attention surrounding your research - Altmetric
https://www.altmetric.com
A single research output may live online in multiple websites and can be talked about across dozens of different platforms. At Altmetric, we work behind the scenes, collecting and collating all of this disparate information to provide you with a single visually engaging and informative view of the online activity surrounding your scholarly content.

[aerohead]

Originally Posted by freebeard

One less thing to worry about:

The headline is scary but it identifies two additional data points equivalent to the Charlemagne Event (10x the Carrington Event)



So that's three data points 9,7 and 1 thousand years ago. So far they're 2 to 3 thousand years apart. OTOH the odds of a Carrington level event are 12% over the next ten years.

Then it's bye-bye to all the microwave repeaters and powerline transformers.

The question seems to be, are unregulated, for-profit corporations, and their shareholders willing to invest in enough spare parts to cover the contingencies. At least for the terrestrial infrastructure. Satellites are another kettle of fish.
A $3.5-Trillion infrastructure package costs 28.4-cents/capita/day. Clearly too expensive an investment in the days of zero-interest.

[aerohead]

Originally Posted by freebeard

aerohead -- Found this elsewhere. It might have application to climate papers:

I choose to limit my research to 'quantitative' works, numerical, statistical representations, which can be verified by other parties.
I avoid the 'J. D. Power & Associates' of the world. I'm perfectly at ease doing my own thinking. Especially when it comes to things scientific.
Those actually interested in healthcare already know the implications of what a 3-degree Centigrade world will be.
Cane-cutters in Guatemala should be under all of their microscopes.

[aerohead]

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/video/particles-unknown/Watched a re-broadcast of the latest PBS NOVA, 'PARTICLES UNKNOWN.'
Particle physicists are looking very hard at the three-known 'flavors' of neutrinos, and considering the existence of a fourth, non-detectable,' sterile neutrino, which may affect the trio of oscillatory fundamental particles of which their existence is known.
They have no confidence that they can construct a detector capable of direct observation, but believe they may be able to experience a sterile neutrino by its
effects.
Since we're constantly bombarded and penetrated by neutrinos without any experience of the events, particle physicists interpret this as a way of thinking about a dark matter which has mass, travels at sub-relativistic velocity, and so far, is known only because of its gravitational effects on celestial bodies.
They mention a generic atom, with a 'diameter' of 1-nanometer, 'orbiting' a nucleus of 1 / 100,000 of a nanometer, with the rest basically 'space.'
Neutrinos just blow right though the space in the atoms, rarely colliding with anything at all.
When they manage to strike Chlorine or Deuterium, photo-detectors can pick up a visible light streaks, as collision energy falls back to rest state and photons are liberated.
Interesting show.

[freebeard]

They have no confidence that they can construct a detector capable of direct observation, but believe they may be able to experience a sterile neutrino by its
[oscillatory] effects.

Drawing conclusions from 'effects' is what led down the Dark Matter primrose path. Zero confirmation so far.

(Things move backward in time at the Quantum level. But then, they know that.)

[aerohead]

Originally Posted by freebeard

Drawing conclusions from 'effects' is what led down the Dark Matter primrose path. Zero confirmation so far.

(Things move backward in time at the Quantum level. But then, they know that.)

They haven't yet constructed an experiment , from which to even begin the exploration. They just know that there's a glitch in their standard model, regarding sub-atomic particles. It's incomplete.
The researchers admit to their great patience. Some have already died ahead of confirmation that their theories were found to be correct. Bruno Pontecorno, one of the Enrico Fermi fabulous-five was mentioned.